基于稳健设计思想的家具结构优化设计

总结家具结构设计中存在的问题,探索系统、科学、定量且操作性强的家具结构设计方法以提高低质材家具结构强度和稳定性,降低生产成本。引入结构稳健设计思想和田口实验法,利用有限元软件结构模拟分析优化家具结构的外观和强度设计。有限元软件可以降低家具结构设计的复杂程度,提高设计效率;合理利用稳健设计田口实验法可以提高家具结构的稳定性,降低成本。     

从节点设计看木构家具与建筑

分析不同尺度节点的相互映射带来的感官体验。研究三个方面的映射:将大尺度节点缩小到小尺度节点;将小尺度节点放大到大尺度节点;用节点使家具连体为建筑的一部分。从而探讨节点处理对建筑与家具的感官影响。节点的处理作用于人们对于建筑和家具的"移情",它是建立人与建筑和家具的感官距离的渠道,设计师通过在这三类别之间保持适当的张力,才能创造出美丽的生存空间。     

Excel应用于方差分析的实训教学探究

针对国内应用型本科湖南文理学院院校概率统计课程的实训教学越来越多地注重Excel作为初学者操作平台的现状,就非平衡数据和嵌套结构的数据在Excel中实现方差分析的过程进行探究。突出以组内矫正数为主线整理数据后简化平方和分解公式的理念,使得Excel中进行方差分析时,数据整理流程完全格式化,平方和的分解步骤更为简洁,自由度分解、F检验等步骤不再繁琐,为非统计专业本科阶段借助Excel电子表格率先实现概率统计课程实训教学的宽口径模式提供借鉴。     

Associations of fish with various types of littoral habitats in reservoirs

Fish associations with different types of littoral habitats were studied in four canyon‐shaped reservoirs in the Czech Republic in years 2010 and 2011 by gillnets. Two to three habitats per reservoir–beaches (former meadows), stump fields (former forest) and rubble slopes–were defined and sampled along the longitudinal axis of reservoirs. Effects of reservoir, habitat and locality (position along longitudinal axis) on fish biomass, abundance and species structure were tested for juvenile and adult fish separately. Hierarchical analysis of variance revealed that habitats differed significantly in fish biomass and abundance. Redundancy analysis showed that analysed environmental variables had significant influence on fish community structure. Most variability in community structure was explained by reservoir and then by combination of habitat and slope steepness. Locality position had the smallest influence on community structure. For both adult and juvenile fish total abundance and biomass, the most inhabited habitat was beaches; rubble slopes were the least inhabited. Habitat associations differed among species. Among adults, bream Abramis brama, white bream Blicca bjoerkna and roach Rutilus rutilus were associated with beaches and stump fields, whereas perch Perca fluviatilis, ruffe Gymnocephalus cernuus, asp Aspius aspius and pike Esox lucius were associated with rubble slopes. Bream, white bream, bleak Alburnus alburnus, roach, ruffe and pikeperch Sander lucioperca were associated with beaches among juveniles, whereas the only juvenile associated with rubble slopes was perch. We showed that most common species are associated with distinct habitats and also that utilisation of various littoral habitats differs in general.     

Effects of Rice Variety and Growth Location in Cambodia on Grain Composition and Starch Structure简

The effects of variety and growth location on grain composition and starch structures were investigated using three rice (Oryza sativa L.) cultivars (Phka Romduol, Sen Pidao and IR66) with different amylose contents. All the three cultivars were planted in three different agro-climatic zones (Phnom Penh, Coastal and Plateau) of Cambodia. The protein content of polished grains increased when rice was planted at a location with higher average temperature, but their lipid content decreased. The amylose content and degree of branching were not greatly affected by the minor temperature differences among the growing locations. Starch fine structures characterized by the chain-length distribution were significantly different among the cultivars, but not significantly among different locations. The results suggested that protein and lipid biosyntheses were more sensitive to the environmental temperature than that of starch in rice grains.     

C语言在线评价与测试系统的开发与探讨

随着网络教育的发展,接受网络教育和考试认证的人越来越多,在线考试正在得以迅速发展.本文简要介绍在线系统工作原理和系统配置.     

小径木梯形板锯刨机结构设计与研究

针对目前市面上加工小径木的机器加工精度低、效率不高、出材率低等问题，分析提高小径木梯形板出材率、加工效率及加工精度的设计方法，通过新的设计方法制定了新的加工工艺。结合工艺分析设计了小径木梯形板锯刨机的总体结构，可以对小径木梯形板进行锯切、粗刨、精刨加工。在对其核心组件锯切组件与刨削组件的加工原理进行分析的基础上，设计了锯切组件结构与刨削组件结构。通过导入锯切主轴SolidWorks的三维模型，利用ANSYS对其锯切主轴进行静力学分析，得到锯切主轴的应力、应变和变形云图，其中最大应力值为7.435 MPa、最大应变值为0.042 316 mm/m、最大变形量为0.002 178 8 mm，其强度、刚度及变形量均在许用范围内，仿真验证了锯切主轴的设计的合理性。     

复合潜流人工湿地对农村生活污水的净化效果 及其微生物群落结构特征

试验探究了复合潜流人工湿地对农村生活污水的净化效果及其微生物群落结构特征。结果表明，当水力负荷为0.35 m³·(m²·d）^-1时，系统对TN、NH₄⁺-N、COD和TP去除效率分别为（89.84±7.64）%、（98.67±1.31）%、（61.63±16.01）%和（70.21±8.00）%。湿地中一共发现11个主要菌门、18个主要菌纲和33个主要菌属，变形菌门（Proteobacteria）、蓝藻门（Cyanobacteria）、拟杆菌门（Bacteroidetes）、厚壁菌门（Firmicutes）、绿弯菌门（Chloroflexi）、酸杆菌门（Acidobacteria）、放线菌门（Actinobacteria）是其中的优势菌门，它们在各级湿地中表层和底层的相对丰度分别是57.26%、61.37%、91.60%、93.22%、88.78%、88.02%。蓝藻菌纲（Cyanobacteria）、α-变形菌纲(Alphaproteobacteria) 、芽孢杆菌纲(Bacilli)和γ-变形菌纲(Gammaproteobacteria)、β-变形菌纲(Betaproteobacteria)是其中优势菌纲，约占主要菌纲的70%。共有17个优势菌属，在各级湿地中的分布情况不同，其中芽孢杆菌属（Bacillus）相对丰度最高，集中分布于第三级湿地，其次是Leptolyngbya、席藻属（Phormidium），在第一、二级湿地中广泛分布。复合潜流人工湿地具有良好污水净化效果，系统中有机物和氮素的去除主要依靠微生物作用，磷素的去除主要依靠基质吸附沉淀作用。     

基于感知和行为视角的校园滨水景观偏好研究 ——以福建农林大学观音湖为例

基于人群感知和行为视角,以福建农林大学观音湖为研究对象,通过拍照试验、访谈问卷、扫描观察收集数据,采用词频分析、照片分析、GIS技术分析,分析景观元素、景观感知以及驻留点、观景点、景点、视线廊道的空间特征,以获得游览者对滨水景观偏好特征,采用核密度分析,得到游客景观点的热点分布。结果表明,词频分析预测出游客关注湖区丰富的景观元素,以静态观赏和行进式观赏方式游览观音湖,舒适的湖区环境让游客感到心情愉悦、平静;空间角度,游览者的驻留点分布与观景点分布具有显著的一致性,表明优美的空间环境和良好的观景位置有利于游客驻留行为的产生;游览者对滨水景观的偏好是由“丰富性—功能性—特色性”三大属性特征相互协调、影响而形成的三维耦合结构模型。     

木棉雄蕊特征与其繁殖策略的关系分析

采用野外观察和实验室检测方法,对云南省个旧市冷墩村的木棉花部结构、雄蕊特征、花粉活性进行研究。结果表明,自然种群中花部形态特征具有一定变异性,3层雄蕊变异系数大小关系显著。在湿度为60%、温度为35℃时花粉活性最强。研究发现,木棉雄蕊长短变化可能有利于不同传粉生物传粉效率提高和增强适应性;木棉高层雄蕊花药个体大、花粉数量多、活性高,适应干热河谷传粉繁殖条件;温度较低时,底层花药花粉活力相对较高,可为逆境环境下木棉高层花药受损后提供后备花粉源。文章就木棉花部形态与繁殖关系、木棉形态及花粉活力对繁殖的影响进行讨论。